The Importance of understanding break even analysis

The Importance of understanding break even analysis First of all, production managers and management accountants need to have a clear understanding of break-even analysis. This analysis is used as a general guideline for business decision making and is important for a number of reasons, including the ability to forecast the future cost and revenues and determine whether the business is making profit or loss, and also be able to develop a pricing strategy. The break-even analysis is based on marginal costing. 2008. Business Basics. 3rd edn. Essex: BPP publishing. The total cost of manufacturing or producing products or services is divided into two main parts = fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs are not directly related to the volume of production and should remain broadly constant while variable costs vary directly with the production volume and change directly when the production volume changes. [WWW]. http://journal .au.edu/au-techno/2007/JUL07/auJourna/Tech_article.09.pdf (20 November 2008) The Break-even point (BEP) is the point at which income and expenditure are equal, and so neither a profit nor a loss is made. When calculating the break even point the total fixed costs are divided by the contribution per unit. The contribution is the difference between the sales revenues and the marginal cost of sales (variable costs). 2008. Business Basics. 3rd edn. Essex: BPP publishing. Fixed Costs (FC) = Fixed production overheads + Fixed administration overheads + fixed distribution overheads FC = 200000 + 180000 + 120000 =  £500000 Variable costs (VC) = Direct materials + Direct wages + Variable production overheads VC = 350000 +50000 + 200000 =  £600000 VC per 1 unit = 600000 =  £12 50000 SR =1000000 =  £20 50000 Contribution = Sales revenue (SR) Variable costs (VC) Contribution =  £20  £12 =  £8 Break even point (BEP) = Fixed costs (FC) Contribution BEP = 500000 = 62500 units 8 Margin of safety (%) = 50000 62500 100 = -25% 50000 The business is left with 25% of their sales. Taking the role of the management accountant evaluate each of the four alternatives. Pay Salespeople a 10 % commission, in anticipation of them selling more and the business reaching the break-even point. FC =  £500000 VC =  £12 +  £2 (10% commission of SR) =  £14 SR =  £20 Cont =  £20  £14 =  £6 BEP = 500000 = 83334 units 6 The original sales = 50000 units 83334 50000= 33334 units 33334 100 = 66.7% 50000 By choosing this option sales production and sales would need to increase by 33334 units. This means that the business needs to sell 66.7% of products more than were the original sales to meet the break-even point. The business should consider that if they increase the production the additional warehouse may be needed so the stepped fixed costs will occur. This idea may be considered as an unrealistic. Especially now, the economic crunch is affecting every kind of business and the companies need to be aware of what strategy are they going to use in order to increase their sales. The demand for products is decreasing because people are aware of this economic situation. They are loosing their confidence to buy products. They prefer to buy only necessities. And also the business needs to be aware of what the competitors will do and how they will undergo the present situation. The management accountant should investigate some unpredictable situations. How does the business know that by paying sales people a 10% commission, the business will reach break-even point? Is there a guarantee that the business will sell more? How can we predict that the demand for the products will increase? Reduce the selling price by 10% in anticipation of increasing sales by 30%. Expected sales = 50000 + 30% (15000) = 65000 units FC =  £500000 VC =  £12 SR =  £20 20/10 =  £18 Contribution =  £18  £12 =  £6 BEP = 500000 = 83334 units 6 Profit/Loss = (65000 x 6) 500000 =  £110000 loss Margin of safety (in units) = 65000 83334 = (18334) units Margin of safety (%) = (Expected sales breakeven sales) 100 Expected sales Margin of safety (%) = (65000 83334) 100 = 18334 100 65000 65000 Margin of safety (%) = -0.2821 100 = (28.21 %) By reducing the selling price by 10% the sale should increase by 30%. The break-even analysis presents that even if we sell 15000 units more the business would be left with 18334 units which represents 28.21 % of the production. Reducing the selling price by 10% may be a good pricing strategy that may increase customers demand for the product but even if we sell the expecting amount of units there will be a loss of  £110000, and not just that a new warehouse may be needed because of the increased sales. The stepped fixed costs occur. The management accountant needs to look for external factors which are affecting the demand for the product. Will this pricing strategy lead customers to buy more products? What the competitors will do? Will they decrease the selling price or will they invest money in improvements? Increase direct wage rates from  £4 to  £5 per hour as part of a productivity/pay deal. It is hoped that this will increase production and sales by 20%, but advertising costs would increase by  £50000. Expected sales = 50000 + (20%) = 60000 Direct wages =  £200000 :  £4 = 50000 hours New direct wages =  £5 ÃÆ'- 50000 =  £250000 FC = 250000 + 180000 +120000 =  £550000 VC = (350000 + 250000 + 50000) =  £13 50000 SR =  £20 Contribution =  £20  £13 =  £7 BEP = 550000 = 78572 units 7 Profit/Loss = (60000 x 7) 550000 =  £130000 loss Margin of safety (in units) = 60000 78572 = (18572) units Margin of safety (%) = (78572 60000) = 18572 x 100 = 31% 60000 60000 Increase of direct wages is a good motivation strategy which may increase the production by 20%. However this is not enough to cover the additional increase of wages and advertising costs. This scenario is clearly not a practicable option because the business will be left with 18572 units in the inventory and they will have a loss  £130000 loss. In the present economic situation is very risky to invest in the advertising because there is no guarantee that the demand for the product will increase as people are buying the cheapest products and services. In anticipation to produce and sell more a new warehouse may be needed. This means that the stepped fixed cost will occur. Can the company deal with  £130000 loss? What will the competitors do? Will they invest in the advertising or they will reduce the selling price? Increase sales by additional advertising of  £300000, with an increased selling price of 20%, setting a profit margin of 10%. FC = 500000 + 300000 =  £800000 VC =  £12 SR =  £20 + (20/10) ÃÆ'- 2 =  £24 Contribution =  £24  £12 =  £12 BEP = 800000 = 66667 units 12 Margin of safety (%) = (73334 66667) 100 = 9.1% 73334 Sales Volume to achieve a target profit = Fixed cost + target profit Contribution per unit Sales Volume to achieve a target profit = 800000 + 80008 = 73334 units 12 73334 units need to be produced and sold in order to produce a profit of 10%. This option can be considered as the most prosperous of all 4 options. However the business needs to deliberate that the increase of selling price by 20% is very unsecure. Particularly now the market is very unstable and the companies should try to sell everything they have. Producing more products is very risky. There is no guarantee that the sales would be made. Everything depends on customers. Many examples could be used from news. For instance, sales of cars fell by 23% and people are not going to the restaurant for their meal, they are saving their money and buying only necessaries. The business needs to be aware that the demand for the products is decreasing and not increasing. Why they want to produce more products? Also the business needs to be careful with the investment in adverting. The cost of advertising may be hard to cover. A positive thing is that if the company orders more material to produce more products, the suppliers may offer a discount. The business needs to take in consideration the competitors in the market and what they would do. Will they reduce the selling price or will they invest in advertising? The management accountant should investigate all the factors that may affect the demand for the product and watch the economic situation. What are the limitations of break-even analysis? Do these limitations invalidate it as a reliable business analytical tool? The limitations of break-even analysis The break-even analysis is based on forecasting and has a certain limitations which should be considered. It is not always possible to predict what will happen on the market. The linear relationship is based on the presumption that costs remain constant. However this is not the case in practical market situations. The business may get some discount from its suppliers. Also the business can often reduce its selling price in order to increase its sales volume and this is an efficient strategy known as a non-linear relationship. Scarlett, R. 2007. Management Accounting Performance evaluation. Butterworth-Heinemann The business need to bear in mind that if a production increases or decreases it may result in expansion or reduction of capacity. If the Henllys scenario is used, in each case there is an anticipation of increased sales and production and this means that a new warehouse may be needed. The stepped fixed costs occur and this situation result in multiple break even points. Wood, F. Sangster, A. Business Accounting 2, 2008, 11 edn. Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Pg. 656. Apart from the situation described above the product mix need to be applied as well. Many organisations have more then one product or service and this can have an impact on the apportionment of fixed costs which can become arbitrary. Scarlett, R. 2007. Management Accounting Performance evaluation. Butterworth-Heinemann The break-even analysis is internal and it is not used to consider the things like competition or market demand which means that the business should use other analysis to watch what is happening on the market and what strategies are used by competitors. These limitations explained above invalidate our break-even analysis as a reliable business analytical tool.

China: Overpopulation

The Country of China accumulates over 1/5 the population of the world with a massive total of over 1. 3 billion people. Having an Immense population not only creates problems within the country, but also triggers some of the largest Issues our world has faced today. Although China has released a One-Child policy to slightly limit the population rate, problems are continuing to grow at a constant rate. The most powerful institution in the nation of China is the Communist Party of China, otherwise known as the CPA.They set goals and policy that the government hen sets in motion (Dreamer). The Chinese government is generally thought to be repressive, while freedoms of speech, assembly, religion, and press are not well respected (â€Å"China†). In 1979, the Chinese Communist leader Issued the One-Child Policy to limit the nation's population (Hardwood). There are also exceptions to China's One-Child Policy. For instance, the policy applies only to the Han, who make up about 92% of China's population. The Han are descendants of China's first great dynasty.However, rural couples are allowed to have a second child if the first one was a female (Dreamer). Many believe that this form of policy Is unfair and can disturb the cultures of Chinese families. Years ago, China was once concerned for having had too many people to support. As of today, the One-Child Policy causes the country to have too few children to support a rapidly aging country (Hardwood). Also, because males are more valuable than females traditionally, the female population declines. If the ratio of men increases over women, then the population will also decline too fast (Hardwood).Based on the July 2013 census, the population of China stands at about 1,349,585,838 and continues to grow (â€Å"One-Child Policy'). With several people living In urban areas. It is quite difficult for China's government to force its population controlling policies (Hardwood). Those who don't follow the policy are pena lized with heavy fines, destruction of home or possessions, political/physical harassment, and even loss of employment (â€Å"One-Child Policy†). Even with the policy, China's population still continues to grow at a rapid pace.Some estimates show that nearly 1 million more births occur than deaths every 5 weeks (â€Å"One-Child Policy'). These problems will only continue to expedite adversely If a resolution does not develop soon. There are several causes for the rapidly increasing population, but only a few present itself as the primary source. One of the main factors is the fact that China has a high birth rate and a low death rate. This is due to a lack of family planning, a high level of Infant mortality and increased sanitation.Some cultures also believe that It Is unacceptable to use contraception's (â€Å"China†). Other than the logical causes, there was also said to be an â€Å"Economic Project† which had Increased the population to spark China's econom y. According to sources, â€Å"in 1 978, China embarked on an economic project that liberated foreign trade and investment; encouraging the formation of rural and private businesses as an attempt to raise China's economy (Hardwood). This project ultimately led to people having more children as it was conducive to the economy.The problem of overpopulation and the One-Child Policy affect China In several unemployment are serious problems which continue to rise in China (â€Å"China†). The Chinese government neglected to protect its water, air, and land against pollution. Because of this, China is the world's second largest producer of the dangerous greenhouse gases (Dreamer). For the impacts from the policy, â€Å"Officials of China suggested that the immediate consequences of the policy shift would be relatively minor, although the government's own demographic estimates showed that upwards of 10 million couples will be affected† (â€Å"One-Child Policy').The average h ousehold size in China was also down to 3. 1 people, from 3. 44 in 2000. From an international standpoint, the One-Child Policy impacts the entire world by helping reduce the population. Although people around the world complained that the rule was extreme and unfair, the policy has, in some ways, been effective (Dreamer). With China having a mass number of people living in such packed places, several people tend to immigrate to other countries, which can likely cause other problems within those countries as well (Dreamer).Because China is the most populous country, China attracts several other multi-national companies to set up their businesses in areas holding the largest people. Examples of these companies include Coca Cola, Motorola and Volkswagen (Hardwood). Because several companies set up their businesses in a variety of locations, China is ranked number one for having the fasted growing economy (â€Å"Dreamer†). Solutions to improving the policy are slowly going into effect.After the policy, a system of benefits and penalties went into effect. Couples who signed the policy pledge were sometimes granted rewards including regular payments, easy access to healthcare, education, and even desired Job categories for both the parents and the child (â€Å"One-Child Policy'). In the past year, China's governing Communist Party released a document presenting policy changes in allowing couples to have an additional child if the mother or father was an only child (â€Å"One-Child Policy').Because f the fact that the policy changes suit most people throughout the nation, the country of China may be able to become stable in the future without disturbing too much of the culture (Hardwood). Although China has released a One-Child policy to slightly reduce the population, the changes they have made will allow the country to become stronger and more stabilized. Although the country of China still contains problems due to an immense population. The Communist Par ty of China is still in search for a greater solution to make their nation a better place for both China and the World.

Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee Celebrations

Queen Victoria reigned for 63 years and was honored by two great public commemorations of her longevity as ruler of the British Empire. Her Golden Jubilee, to mark the 50th anniversary of her reign, was observed in June 1887. European heads of state, as well as delegations of officials from throughout the empire, attended lavish events in Britain. The Golden Jubilee festivities were widely seen not only as a celebration of Queen Victoria but as an affirmation of Britains place as a global power. Soldiers from throughout the British Empire marched in processions in London. And in the distant outposts of the empire celebrations were also held. Not everyone was inclined to celebrate the longevity of Queen Victoria or the supremacy of Britain. In Ireland, there were public expressions of protest against British rule. And Irish Americans held their own public gatherings to denounce British oppression in their homeland. Ten years later, Victorias Diamond Jubilee celebrations were held to mark Victorias 60th anniversary on the throne. The 1897 events were distinctive as they seemed to mark the end of an era, as they were the last great assemblage of European royalty. Preparations for Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee As the 50th anniversary of Queen Victorias reign approached, the British government felt that a monumental celebration was in order. She had become queen in 1837, at the age of 18, when the monarchy itself had seemed to be coming to an end. She had successfully restored the monarchy to where it occupied a preeminent place in British society. And by any accounting, her reign had been successful. Britain, by the 1880s, stood astride much of the world. And despite small-scale conflicts in Afghanistan and Africa, Britain had essentially been at peace since the Crimean War three decades earlier. There was also a feeling that Victoria deserved a great celebration as she had never celebrated her 25th anniversary on the throne. Her husband, Prince Albert, had died young, in December 1861. And the celebrations which likely would have occurred in 1862, which would have been her Silver Jubilee, were simply out of the question. Indeed, Victoria became fairly reclusive after Alberts death, and when she did appear in public, she would be dressed in widows black. In early 1887 the British government began making preparations for the Golden Jubilee. Many Events Preceded Jubilee Day in 1887 The date of large public events was to be June 21, 1887, which would be the first day of the 51st year of her reign. But a number of associated events began in early May. Delegates from British colonies, including Canada and Australia, gathered and met with Queen Victoria on May 5, 1887, at Windsor Castle. For the next six weeks, the queen participated in a number of public events, including helping to lay the cornerstone for a new hospital. At one point in early May, she expressed curiosity about an American show then touring England, Buffalo Bills Wild West Show. She attended a performance, enjoyed it, and later met cast members. The queen traveled to one of her favorite residences, Balmoral Castle in Scotland, to celebrate her birthday on May 24, but planned to return for London for the major events which would take place close to the anniversary of her accession, June 20. The Golden Jubilee Celebrations The actual anniversary of Victorias accession to the throne, June 20, 1887, began with a private commemoration. Queen Victoria, with her family, had breakfast at Frogmore, near the mausoleum of Prince Albert. She returned to Buckingham Palace, where an enormous banquet was held. Members of various European royal families attended, as did diplomatic representatives. The following day, June 21, 1887, was marked with lavish public spectacle. The queen traveled by a procession through the streets of London to Westminster Abbey. According to a book published the following year, the queens carriage was accompanied by a bodyguard of seventeen princes in military uniform, superbly mounted and wearing their jewels and orders. The princes were from Russia, Britain, Prussia, and other European nations. The role of India in the British Empire was emphasized by having a troop of Indian cavalry in the procession close to the queens carriage. Ancient Westminster Abbey had been prepared, as galleries of seats had been built to accommodate 10,000 invited guests. The service of thanksgiving was marked by prayers and music performed by the abbeys choir. That night, illuminations lit the skies of England. According to one account, On rugged cliffs and beacon hills, on mountain peaks and lofty heaths and commons, great bonfires blazed. The next day a celebration for 27,000 children was held in Londons Hyde Park. Queen Victoria paid a visit to the Childrens Jubilee. All the children attending were given a Jubilee Mug designed by the Doulton company. Some Protested the Celebrations of Queen Victorias Reign Not everyone was favorably impressed by the lavish celebrations honoring Queen Victoria. The New York Times reported that a large gathering of Irish men and women in Boston had protested the plan to hold a celebration of Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee at Faneuil Hall. The celebration at Faneuil Hall in Boston was held on June 21, 1887, despite pleas to the city government to block it. And celebrations were also held in New York City and other American cities and towns. In New York, the Irish community held its own large meeting at Cooper Institute on June 21, 1887. A detailed account in the New York Times was headlined: Irelands Sad Jubilee: Celebrating in Mourning and Bitter Memories. The New York Times story described how the capacity crowd of 2,500, in a hall decorated with black crepe, listened attentively to speeches denouncing British rule in Ireland and the actions of the British government during the Great Famine of the 1840s. Queen Victoria was criticized by one speaker as Irelands tyrant.

Rhetorical Analysis Of The Longest War By Rebecca Solnit

For my rhetorical analysis, I read Rebecca Solnit’s essay â€Å"The Longest War,† which shed a light on the unequal treatment of men and women and the violence that women face throughout their lives, and around the world. In analyzing this essay, I looked at the context and the substance of Solnit’s essay. In terms of context, I looked primarily at her use of examples, and where these examples come from. First off, Solnit conveyed messages of gender inequality and violence from around the globe, rather than just throughout the United States. Additionally, she creates ties between the Civil Rights Movement and the women’s rights movement that is currently happening to emphasize the importance of the events to the readers. This strategy is also†¦show more content†¦I realized that the abundance of examples and statistics that she used were a big part of this, because they provide facts that are hard to contest. I used this as the basis for forming my thesis. After this, I went through the essay again and found locations that tied in well to this main idea. This was my method for developing support. I looked at the essay and the context of it and tried to tie in what Solnit was say ing with how I felt about the essay itself. I took this information altogether and saw how Solnit was proving her points and fulfilling her purpose. My strengths in this essay, I believe, are in not just analyzing the information that Solnit provides, but in also analyzing the effect that this information has on the readers. My final body paragraph details both the logical and the emotional responses that Solnit brings up in her audience. Additionally, I feel that I was successful in tying all of the analysis that I supply back to Solnit’s purpose in writing the essay. It is easy to look at the context and the substance of an essay, but to relate it all back to the author’s goal in writing it is what shows that you have a fuller understanding of the work. In writing this essay, I started out by trying to analyze far too much of what Solnit had written. Along with the substance and the context of the essay, I wanted to get deeper into her organization and other smaller details of her writing. In â€Å"The Longest War,† Solnit

In our world today there are a very large number of...

The Range of Problems Facing Human Service Clients Chaleetra Johnson-Hornes University Of Phoenix Karen Miner 18 August 2014 BSH/305 â€Å"Problems for clients are rarely single issues and the human service Professional should approach each client with the expectation of more than One problem.† (Woodside McClam, 2011, p. 13) In our world today there are a very large number of problems that human service client’s face on a daily basis and problems in living is at the top of the list because there are many people who are not capable of taking care of them-selves physically, financially or mentally. These clients are all different ages and nationalities. Stemming from the elderly and mentally challenged, the†¦show more content†¦The National Institute on Drug Addiction reveals substance abuse has been linked to mental health problems, illness and occupational problems. It affects their social life and their ability to function as a healthy individual (The Truth about Drugs pg.21, 22, 35). The complexity of the assistance required from the human service professional depends on the severity of the problem and the state of the client. The human service professional can use the Erikson’s stages developmental model to identify some of the problems with earlier stages of the basic human life span. It is also important to develop a relationship with the client by breaking the ice and asking open-ended questions in order to get them to open up about their problems. The helping process occurs over a period of time and there is preparation, exploring the problems and intervention strategies put in place to determine if other referrals are needed. Responsive listening or SOLER is a method created by G. E. Egan to communicate to the client that the human service professional is listening (Egan, 2002). SOLER stands for: S: Sit SQUARELY on to the client, preferably at a 5 o’clock position to avoid the possibility of staring. O: Maintain an OPEN posture at all times, not crossing your arms or legs which can appear defensive. L: LEAN slightly in towards the client. E: Maintain EYE CONTACT with the client without staring. R: RELAX. This should in turn help the client to relax In conclusion the rangeShow MoreRelated Business Ethics Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesnumerous issues, problems, and dilemmas within the management of businesses. It does this through numerous perspectives and methods. Of course, in order to present the complexities of business ethics, we must explore the types of issues that business professionals are confronted with all the time. Business ethics not only portray to humans, but also to how businesses treat the environment. 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A Seperate Peace Literary Criticism Free Essays

Have you gone through an experience where you lose your innocence. In the novels Lord of the Flies by William Golding, and A Separate Peace by John Knowles, the main characters of both novels suffer a fall from innocence. Ralph from Lord of the Flies suffers his fall from innocence when he takes part in the brutal, gruesome death of Simon. We will write a custom essay sample on A Seperate Peace Literary Criticism or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, Gene, in A Separate Peace, suffers the greatest fall from innocence. Gene subconsciously cripples his best friend Phineas, which in the end, leads to the death of his friend. Although both characters are at fault for the death of a friend, Gene’s case is far worse because his actions are the result of jealousy, frustration, and anger. First, in Lord of the Flies, Jack and his tribe had a feast, when suddenly a shadowy figure approaches them (Simon), and all of the children chase after the figure, including Ralph, and kill it, believing that it is the beast. Ralph later realizes what had happened the night before, as he says to Piggy â€Å"That was murder† (Golding 156).When Simon approached the feast, the children are caught up in the moment, which makes this bad timing on Simon’s part. Ralph is amongst the group, and like the others, is caught up in the moment. Furthermore, Ralph takes part in the murder of the innocent Simon, however his judgment was clouded under the circumstances, unlike Gene in A Separate Peace, Ralph kills out of fear, rather than out of jealousy. Piggy explains to Ralph the morning after Simon’s death th at â€Å"It was an accident†¦that’s what it was. An accident†¦Coming out of the dark- he hadn’t no business crawling like that out of the dark. He was batty. He asked for it†¦it was an accident† (Golding 157) Because of the chaos and confusion on the night of Simon’s death, and the fear of the beast rising, it is quite feasible for the children to believe Simon was the beast. However, when Gene jounces the branch on which Phineas is perched, this had been done in jealousy, and in anger.Because of the build up of Genes Jealousy towards Phineas, Gene subconsciously jounces the branch, which knocks down Phineas In contrast to Ralph, Gene is full of bad emotions towards Finney, and subconsciously enacts revenge on him at the perfect moment, maiming his leg forever. Once Gene has maimed Finney, he yellsâ€Å"†¦Now you know what it is! I did it because I felt like that! Now you know yourself! † said Gene (Knowles 70). James M. Mellard states â€Å"The cause of Finney’s fall is not ignorance, not a blindness that just suddenly appears; rather, it is a result of a malice that has been growing in Gene ll along-a rivalry , a jealousy, a spite spite that builds in Gene before the fateful jump† (Mellard 75). After Gene sees the limp body of his best friend on the ground, he is unable to process what he has done. He cannot believe he has shaken the branch, this shows that he is unaware of his actions, proving his actions subconscious. However, Gene’s fall from innocence is caused by Finneys good-natured, fun-loving, innocent attitude, which causes Gene to jounce the branch on which Finney is standing.Finney explains his attitude toward Gene and his schoolwork by saying â€Å"I didn’t know you needed to study†¦I didn’t think you ever did. I thought it just came to you† (Knowles 58). Mellard also states â€Å"Knowles described Genes jouncing of the limb as a seizure, but which never the less came out of himself, and for which he was responsible† (Mellard 76)Preceding the fall of Phineas he had talked Gene into going to the beach with him, which caused Gene’s first failing grade in his high school career. Phineas’ fun loving, innocent attitude brews up some anger in Gene which leads to the fall, even though he could have denied the visit to the beach. Upon viewing the evidence so far it may seem as though Ralphs Actions are worse than Genes. When viewing the evidence with a closed mind, Ralph’s actions appear worse than Gene’s, because Ralph is directly involved in the murder of an innocent child and friend. However, upon further viewing of the text, one sees that Ralph’s actions where based on fear rather than jealousy, such as Gene’s.Piggy exclaims to Ralph after Simon’s murder, â€Å"It was dark. There was that-that bloody dance. There was lightning and thunder and rain. We was scared! † (Golding 156) Piggy tried to tell Ralph that they do not know what they are doing that night. Piggy goes on to tell Ralph that the sins that took place are justified because of their obvious fright. On the other hand, Gene enacts vengeance on Phineas with jealousy for the cause. When Gene explains to Finney what had happens, he acts a little crazy because he knows why he did it.Finney says â€Å"’†¦God you were crazy when you were here’ Gene replied ‘I guess I was. I guess I must have been’† (Knowles 83). Mellard explains â€Å"Gene survives by making his accommodation to the brutal truth, by bending with the truth rather than resisting and being broken by it† (Mellard 75). Gene realized his mistake and tried to apologize; however, he acts hysterically because of the guilt within his conscience. Gene is the one who suffers the greatest fall from innocence because he acts on jealousy and anger. Gene from A Separate Peace suffers the greatest fall from innocence.Even though Ralph from Lord of the Flies commits murder with all of the other children on the island, it is spontaneous, unlike Gene’s fall from innocence. When Gene and Phineas are in the tree preparing for the tree preparing for the double jump, Gene’s subconscious jounces the branch on which Phineas is standing, all because he is frustrated and angry with him. Even though Ralph kills an innocent friend, Gene’s fall from innocence is greater because he acts on anger, rather than a spontaneously made decision based on fear. How to cite A Seperate Peace Literary Criticism, Papers

Springfield Master Planned Community Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Springfield Master Planned Community. Answer: Introduction Over the past decades, with the overall increasing global population and changes in the lifestyles and standard of life of people across the world, there have been considerable changes in terms of the demands of types of housings among residents in the global scenario. Keeping the aspects of greater conveniences of the residents and better utilization of scarce land resources and other resources in consideration the concept of planned community has been gradually coming into existence in the contemporary periods and the same has already developed in many countries including the USA, the UK, Australia and others[1]. The term Planned Community refers to a kind of residential development where the overall infrastructure, consisting of housings, roads, natural resources, stores, connectivity and other amenities of life, is designed with care such that together they can make living in these communities convenient and easy. In general, planned communities are developed in such a way that apart from well-equipped houses, all the other facilities required for a better quality of life, like shopping centers, health care centers, schools, etc. are present within a small perimeter. In this context, several such communities are being developed in Australia, of which the one in the Springfield Lakes region of the country, specifically the Greater Springfield, is considered to be one of the best master planned community being developed in the recent times. Developed from scratch, in the previously underdeveloped but natural resource and greenery rich Springfield Lake region, these planned community have suff icient greeneries and natural resources as well as robust connectivity with the urban areas, so as to facilitate the different everyday activities of the residents, both personal as well as professional. The Springfield planned community region provides a host of facilities, which are targeted to increase the convenience of the personal as well as professional lives of those who tend to reside in this region. However, there also remains some aspects on which the planners need to emphasize further so as to make the planned community even more appealing to the potential clients. These are discussed in the following sections. Pros of residing in the Springfield Master Planned Community There are widespread benefits of staying in planned community in the Springfield region of Australia, few of the primary ones being discussed in this essay. The primary benefit of staying in planned community is the presence of almost all the amenities required for a healthy, enjoyable and productive lifestyle within manageable distances. This allows the residents to live a hassle free life, where they do not need to travel long distances and bear the burden of traffic and wastage of time to get the basic requirements of their life[2]. The Springfield planned community, though situated in off route area, can be seen to be usually of all the amenities like communication, grocery stores, internet facilities, health care facilities and entertainment resources, which facilities better lifestyle. The community also has access to schools, health care centers, emergency services and a host of transport and communication facilities with other parts of the country, as can be seem from their r oute map: Another positive implication of planned communities is the presence of higher securities as a whole. Considering the fact that in the contemporary period the family structures have been reducing in size and the overall criminal activities in the society, the protection of people, especially the vulnerable share of population, inclusive of children, elderly people and women becomes an issue of immense concern. The Springfield commuunity, in this aspect, has provisions of providing a more secured environment for the residents, with high end security features and patrolling guards around the residential facilities. It is also found to be equipped with basic health care services, also ensure health securities of the elderly residents to a considerable extent. This makes the planned community in Springfield even more appealing to the new age nuclear families where the security of the elderly people as well as that of the children is one of the primary requirements which the families seek while looking for an accommodation. The provision of shared amenities also adds to the advantages of residing in planned communities. In case of living in ad hoc residential facilities, people need to buy all their requirements individually, thereby making it expensive and constricting their choices. This also leads to inefficient usage of scarce resources. Springfield on the other hand has built up different necessary as well as recreational facilities which are available to its residing members, provided that the maintenance fees are paid by all of them. There remain provisions for all the members to enjoy all the amenities which include schools, community centers, walking trails, care units and others[4]. The presence of proper management also helps in proper and hassle free regular maintenance of the properties, which decreases the burden on the members individually. This also increases the efficiency of utilization of resources in the planned community, thereby contributing positively to the overall economy. The residents of Springfield Lakes also get the chance to socialize and live in a friendly neighborhood, which improves their quality of life. There also remains provision of vehicle parking, cycle routes, parks and community recreation centers for a better quality of life of the residents. Thus, from the above discussion it can be asserted that there remains several positive implications for the families, especially the modern nuclear ones, with children and adult members, to buy properties in the master planned community in the Springfield Lake region. The comfort, presence of amenities and high security inside as well as outside the community accounts for the same. However, the community does have several negative implications too, unlike what is portrayed in its advertisements, which are discussed in the following section. Cons of residing in Springfield Master Planned Community However, in spite of the presence of huge facilities and benefits of residing in the equipped and integrated planned community in Springfield, there remain several drawbacks of the same. One of the primary issues, which the potential residents face while trying to buy properties in this planned community, is the issue of high maintenance fees and HOA fees. The master planned community in the Springfield Lake region, is one of the best in the country inclusive of all the necessary as well as luxurious amenities[5]. However, these conveniences, which are enjoyed by the residents in this community, do not come free of cost and the residents are required to pay maintenance fees on a regular basis. These fees are often high as compared to normal residences, thereby creating a tradeoff between convenience and savings for the residents. Apart from the problem of high fees, the problem of externalities also exist in planned communities, where the level of individual freedom and privacy is considerably low and there also remains the problem of others determining the way of living of an individuals. Springfield is not an exception to this. In spite of its lavish expanse and beautifully created and maintained residences and amenities like parks and community areas, the residents still feel the absence of freedom to a considerable extent, due to the strict rules which the management imposes regarding the maintenance of the properties as well as in the aspects of discipline and welfare of the other residents. This restricts the creativity of the residents. The elderly people and the children have lesser contact with the outer world and needs to stay in the societies for longer time. Therefore, these people are negatively affected by the presence of such restrictions in the Springfield community. Recommendations and Conclusion Springfield planned community is one of the primary ones currently operating in the geographical boundaries of Australia. Much of the popularity of the community is attributed to the facilities it provides to its residents, the robust communication and transport networks, the school, health care, grocery stores in the walking distance and also the high security within the community. There, however remains a scope of improvement in the delivery of the services of the same in terms of cost effectiveness and the overall fees structure, the reduction of which may help in increasing the number of potential residents in these planned communities, thereby increasing the cost efficiency of the same. Addressing the drawbacks present in the infrastructure of the Springfield community can help in increasing the conveniences and the welfare of the families living in the community, by catering more to their specific needs. References McMahon, Edward,Master Planned Communities: What Does The Future Look Like? - Urban Land Magazine(2018) Urban Land Magazine https://urbanland.uli.org/development-business/master-planned-communities-what-does-the-future-look-like/ PART 14SPRINGFIELD STRUCTURE PLAN(2018) Ipswichplanning.com.au https://www.ipswichplanning.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/2065/ips_part_14_springfield_structure_plan.pdf Qm.com.au,Top 10 Most Wanted List For Master Planned Communities(2018) QM Properties https://www.qm.com.au/top-10-wanted-list-master-planned-communities/ Springfield Lakes Community Vision - Lendlease(2018) Communities.lendlease.com https://communities.lendlease.com/springfield-lakes/living-in-springfield-lakes/community-vision/ The Pros And Cons Of Planned Communities(2018) Actforlibraries.org https://www.actforlibraries.org/the-pros-and-cons-of-planned-communities-3/